What term describes materials used as final coating of a surface for ornamental or protective purposes?

The term that describes materials used as the final coating of a surface for ornamental or protective purposes is "finishes." This term broadly encompasses various substances applied to surfaces to enhance their appearance and durability. Finishes can include paints, sealants, and stains, among others, and are vital in maintaining the integrity of the material beneath while providing an aesthetic enhancement.

While coatings, varnishes, and surfaces can also relate to protective applications, "finishes" specifically captures the entire concept of applying a final layer that adds both beauty and defense against environmental factors. Other terms might refer to more specific types of applications or finishes, but "finishes" is the most comprehensive in this context.